In 1988 the political scientist Robert Putnam introduced the idea of a ‘two-level game’. In this game, Putnam noted that successful international negotiations can only be reached if a balance is struck between the interests of the domestic and international actors involved. At the domestic level, actors, such as politicians or the electorate, exert pressure on their government to adopt a foreign policy that fits their interests, whilst at the international level, actors – in this case other sovereign states –also look to influence other governments’ agendas. In this diplomatic game, governments bargain, uphold and concede aspects of their foreign