It was clear before the U.S.-North Korea summit in 2019 that the two sides would not make any progress on the DPRK’s denuclearization, former Assistant Secretary of Defense for Indo-Pacific Security Affairs Randall Schriver told NK News on Tuesday.

In an interview at the Asan Plenum in Seoul, Schriver said the writing was on the wall due to the lack of tangible progress in meetings and communications in the wake of the June 2018 DPRK-U.S. Singapore summit.