The U.N. secretary-general has called for efforts to hold North Korea accountable for human rights violations through “non-traditional justice pathways,” citing the failure to prosecute possible crimes against humanity amid increased repression of fundamental freedoms.

In a wide-ranging report released Tuesday, Antonio Guterres repeated long-standing concerns regarding the DPRK’s food security, arbitrary detention and torture and lack of engagement with the U.N., but also drew attention to the country’s partial reopening after the pandemic.