The U.N. secretary-general has called for efforts to hold North Korea accountable for human rights violations through “non-traditional justice pathways,” citing the failure to prosecute possible crimes against humanity amid increased repression of fundamental freedoms.

In a wide-ranging report released Tuesday, Antonio Guterres repeated long-standing concerns regarding the DPRK’s food security, arbitrary detention and torture and lack of engagement with the U.N., but also drew attention to the country’s partial reopening after the pandemic.

To overcome North Korea’s “inaction” on human rights, Guterres called for accountability through “non-traditional justice pathways, such as reparations, truth telling and memorialization.”

The report emphasized