North Korea may reap a smaller-than-average harvest this year, a new report shows, potentially exacerbating the country’s ongoing “food crisis” as it continues to feel the effects of devastating flooding and extreme border restrictions.

The report from the Center for Strategic and International Studies’ (CSIS) Beyond Parallel program uses satellite imagery to measure crop conditions across the country, concluding that at least three provinces saw dramatic declines in crop health.

Researchers used a specialized mathematical filter for satellite imagery known as the normalized-difference vegetation index (NDVI) to highlight the presence of chlorophyll — a key indicator of crop health.