After an extensive policy review, the administration of U.S. President Joe Biden finally revealed its North Korea strategy earlier this year, retaining the goal of complete denuclearization while aiming to forge a new path from his predecessors.

Yet while officials have indicated that Biden does not seek the grand bargain pursued by Donald Trump nor a return to the “strategic patience” of Barack Obama, the details of his strategy are unclear, and doubts remain about how Pyongyang will respond to Washington’s effectively status quo policy of “stern deterrence.”

For Biden to succeed, he will need to proactively engage with North